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Maleic Anhydride
Basic Information
Chemical Name: Maleic Anhydride
Molecular Formula: C₄H₂O₃
Molecular Weight: 98.06 g/mol
CAS Number: 108 - 31 - 6
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) Number: 203 - 571 - 6
Appearance
White crystalline powder with a strong, pungent odor.
Key Characteristics
Epoxidation Intermediate: It serves as an important intermediate for the synthesis of other polymers and chemicals. For example, it plays a role in the preparation of polyesters, polyamides, and other high molecular materials.
Plasticizer: In some plastics and rubber products, it can be used as a plasticizer to improve their flexibility and processability.
Condensing Agent: It can participate in various organic condensation reactions, used for synthesizing organic compounds with specific structures and functions.
Solubility: Readily soluble in water, and also soluble in various organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and acetone.
Stability: Relatively stable under normal temperature and pressure. However, it may undergo chemical changes such as polymerization reactions when exposed to high temperatures, light, or in the presence of specific catalysts.
Solubility and Stability
Functional Characteristics
Applications
In the chemical synthesis field, it is a crucial raw material for polyester synthesis, reacting with polyols to form ester bonds and construct polyester molecular chains. The resulting polyesters, with excellent properties, are used in coatings, adhesives, and fibers. It can also synthesize various high-performance polymers, and when copolymerized with vinyl monomers, can regulate polymer properties for specific applications in electronics and aerospace. Additionally, it's an important intermediate for special engineering plastics like polyimides.
In the fine chemical and detergent fields, maleic anhydride-derived compounds are used as plasticizers to improve the flexibility of plastics like PVC. It can also synthesize surfactants with good detergency and biodegradability, widely used in detergents. In detergents, maleic anhydride or its derivatives can form complexes with metal ions, enhancing detergency and stability.
In the pharmaceutical field, maleic anhydride and its derivatives serve as drug intermediates, introducing functional groups and structural fragments through chemical reactions to construct bioactive drug molecules, such as in the synthesis of anticancer and antibacterial drug.
Storage Conditions
Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. Keep the packaging intact to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Due to its potential chemical changes, it is recommended to store it in a well-ventilated area and use it within the recommended shelf life. Under proper storage conditions, maleic anhydride can maintain its quality for a certain period.
